According to the United Nations, a disaster disrupts a community’s or society’s functioning that involves extensive human, material, economic, or environmental repercussions that exceed the affected community’s or society’s ability to deal using its resources.

Natural risks are classed as geological hazards based on their causes. Geological catastrophes are natural disasters induced by geological processes, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, and landslides.

Water-related disasters like floods, cyclones, landslides, waves, and surges will pose an ever-increasing danger to vulnerable populations, and sustainable development as climate change increases the frequency and intensity of extreme weather.

Man-made disasters include human purpose, neglect, or error involving a failure of a man-made system. Human-caused disasters are very dangerous natural disasters brought on by people.

The discipline of dealing with and preventing dangers is known as disaster management (or emergency management). When natural or man-made catastrophes strike, it is a discipline that encompasses planning, assisting, and rebuilding.

Disaster preparedness refers to a collection of actions done by governments, organizations, communities, and people to better respond to and cope with the immediate event of a catastrophe, whether it is caused by humans or natural disasters.

Recovery after a disaster has three separate yet intertwined meanings. To begin with, it is a goal that entails restoring regular community activities that have been disturbed by disaster impacts.